apt-get source ffmpeg
2) install dependencies to build the package
apt-get build-dep ffmpeg
3) Install dependencies for custom options (confflags)
apt-get install libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev
4) ffmpeg is on of the components of libav so apt-get source ffmpeg will create /usr/src/libav-0.8.3 with the source so cd to that location
cd /usr/src/libav-0.8.3
4) change confflags to enable some extra options for ffmpeg
vim debian/confflags
add following lines in '# Common configuration flags' section
confflags += --enable-libopencore-amrwb
confflags += --enable-libopencore-amrnb
confflags += --enable-version3
5) Build the package
dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -uc -b
6) Install the resulting deb package(s)
cd /usr/src
dpkg -i ffmpeg_0.8.3-0ubuntu0.12.04.1_all.deb
ffmpeg -y -vn -i in_file.mp3 -y -acodec libvo_amrwbenc -ac 1 -ar 16000 -ab 7.4k -f amr -map_metadata -o out_file.amr